RETURNYonago Acta medica 1991;34:83-104
A Study of Craniofacial Growth and Development in Patients with Cleft Lip, Jaw and Palate
Hitomi Ryoke, Takeshi Hamada and Terushige Kawata*
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago 683 and *Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Tokushima University, Tokushima 770, Japan
Cephalometric images characteristic to craniofacial growth and development was studied in 96 children with cleft lip, jaw and palate. The children had been diagnosed as having Angle Class III malocclusion prior to orthodontic treatment. We measured 9 representative cephalometric variates defining craniofacial growth and development (ANB, SNA, SNB, Go.A, FMA, FMIA, IMPA, ANBS and N-M), calculating the mean ± standard deviation and correlation coefficient, and testing statistical significance for groups classified by age and sex. The obtained data treated with the principal component analysis and graphically displayed on radar charts were analyzed for images characteristic to each group. ANB and ANBS were positively, and FMIA and IMPA were negatively correlated respectively, in all groups except in 14-year-old male and 6-year-old female groups. SNA and SNB were positively correlated in 6-, 10- and 12-year-old male and 6-year-old female groups, respectively. In 8- and 10-year-old male groups, forward growth of the lower jaw was dominant. In female groups, the upper and lower jaws started to grow forward at 6 years of age, and spurted again at 10 years and after. This study suggests that clinicians can orthodontically treat cleft children more easily by using the radar charts.
Key words: cleft lip, jaw and palate; growth and development; multivariate correlation; principal component